Saturday, September 19, 2026

What’s Working

For readers looking for what’s still working in the world

The Research Desk

The finding1 of 4

Test anxiety harms all aspects of students' well-being, impacting emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishments.

What’s Workingpositivetech.org

Cognitive test anxiety and student well-being: An examination of bidirectional effects.

  • Positive emotion
  • Engagement

Chue, K., Lee, Y., Dutt, A.

The British journal of educational psychology

In plain language

This study explores the impact of cognitive test anxiety on students' well-being, specifically through the lens of the PERMA model, which includes Positive emotions, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment. Conducted with a large sample of students in Singapore, the research used a longitudinal approach to examine how test anxiety influences these well-being domains over time.

The findings reveal that test anxiety has a negative effect on all aspects of students' subjective well-being as defined by PERMA. Interestingly, while test anxiety was found to predict lower well-being in the future, the reverse was not true; well-being did not predict changes in test anxiety levels.

Key findings

  • Test anxiety at the first time point predicted lower levels of all five PERMA well-being domains at the second time point.
  • There was no significant evidence that well-being levels predicted future test anxiety.
  • The study emphasizes the unidirectional impact of test anxiety on well-being, rather than a reciprocal relationship.

Why it matters

This research underscores the importance of addressing test anxiety as it can significantly undermine students' overall well-being, affecting their emotions, engagement in activities, relationships, sense of meaning, and accomplishments.

Try this today

Educators and parents can focus on early interventions to help students manage test anxiety, potentially improving their overall well-being and academic experience. Techniques such as stress management, mindfulness, and cognitive-behavioral strategies may be beneficial in reducing test anxiety's impact.